Conifers: Pinus (Pine)

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Pinus cembra

Swiss Stone Pine often has a broken crown in its native, European/Asian mountianous habitat. In the landscape it is rather upright with a narrowly conical or pyramidal shape, maturing to a somewhat flat-topped, more spreading form. New stems are covered with a thick rusty-yellow pubescens, quite unique to the species and a way to separate it from P. flexilus and P. strobus. Long (to 8cm) needles are dark-green on the outside, with bluish-white stomatal bands on the inside. Needles persist up to 5 years. Blue cones develop on older trees and remain on the tree for 3 years and never open (seeds released by birds or through decomposition. A very dense, full and uniform pine.

Pinus contorta 'Spaan's Dwarf'

Spaan's Dwarf Shore Pine is more like a dwarf shrub with a globular to elliptical form. Upright branching, irregular, open growth. Dark green short, twisted needles. Nature's Bonsai. GOOD FOR BONSAI

Pinus densiflora 'Cesarini's Variegated'

Cesarini's Variegated Japanese Red Pine has green needles are banded with creamy-white creating a spectacular variegation, better yet than Draconis!

Pinus densiflora 'Oculus-Draconis'

Dragon's Eye Japanese Red Pine is a selection of the Japanese Red Pine and is especially interesting because of the creamy-yellow bands around the needles which gives the tree a rather surprised appearance. When looking at the needles from the right angle you'd be looking the dragon right in the eye!

Pinus densiflora 'Pendula'

Weeping Japanese Red Pine has a very pendulous form which can be left as a 'groundcover' or staked for height. Attractive dark green needles and reddish-brown bark.

Pinus densiflora 'Umbraculifera'

Tanyosho or Table Top Pine has an upright spreading habit with multiple branches holding up the "table top" revealing a beautiful orange colour where the bark flakes off. Can be low growing or top grafted. Either way an interesting tree for the landscape with its spreading flat umbrella to mushroom form. When sheared it definitely resembles a "table top".

Pinus flexilis 'Extra Blue'

Pinus flexilis appears to be more tolerant of salt spray than other 5-needled pines (P. strobus), and better adaptable to dry soils and wind than Pinus strobus. Needles have a strong blue colour and are slightly twisted. Extra Blue's habit is not as formal as Vanderwolf's Pyramid's.

Pinus flexilis 'Vanderwolf's Pyramid'

Vanderwolf Pyramid is a popular, pyramidal selection of the 5-needled Limber Pine. The foliage is a soft silvery-blue green. Smooth green young bark turns dark gray and becomes rougher when older. Best in full sun. Pinus flexilis appears to be more tolerant of salt spray than other 5-needled pines (P. strobus), and better adaptable to dry soils and wind than Pinus strobus.

Pinus leucodermis 'Compact Gem'

Compact Gem Bosnian Pine is a beautiful dwarf, upright conical pine with the long, dark green needles characteristic of the Bosnian Pine species. Light green terminal buds provide a nice contrast. A slow grower great for rock gardens. Full sun. SLOW GROWING PINE WIIH SUPERB FORM AND COLOUR

Pinus leucodermis 'Schmidtii'

Schmidt Bosnian Pine is a beautiful miniature, rare, highly desireable conifer for a very small space. Dark green, sharp needles are tightly packed on a densely branched compact form. A 100-year+ old specimen, only 3 meters in height, was found in 1926 by Eugen Schmidt near Sarajevo.

Pinus mugo 'Big Tuna'

Big Tuna is the fastest growing Mugo Pine cultivar (7.5-12.5cm per year!) and it forms an upright, oval tear drop shrub or small conifer; wide spreading and dense, will become taller than wide. Lighter winter buds can be quite showy. Big Tuna is considered a compact conifer, not a dwarf. About Pinus mugo: it is one of the few pines tolerant of some shade. Needles in 2's, stiff & curved. Often dwarfed, it has an unpredictable growth rate, mostly the result of a very large native range requiring many adaptations. Some selections such as 'Pumilio' are grown from seeds and plants will vary considerably. Pinus mugo can be pruned, only current season growth (candles) should be cut back.

Pinus mugo 'Mops'

Mops is a popular, dwarf selection of Mugo Pine with dark green needles to 2.5cm long which change to light green or almost yellow in winter. Produces lots of buds, but no candle pruning necessary to maintain shape. Good rounded form created by evenly spaced needles on a very branched structure. Can be grown as a formal, top-grafted standard. About Pinus mugo: it is one of the few pines tolerant of some shade. Needles in 2's, stiff & curved. Often dwarfed, it has an unpredictable growth rate, mostly the result of a very large native range requiring many adaptations. Some selections such as 'Pumilio' are grown from seeds and plants will vary considerably. Pinus mugo can be pruned, only current season growth (candles) should be cut back.

Pinus mugo var. mughus

Mugo Pine or Swiss Mountain Pine is a small, compact evergreen. It has rigid, curved, dark green needles in pairs, 3 to 4cm long; cones are 2 to 6cm long. Successful in almost all soils. Lime tolerant. Shape can be enhanced or maintained with pruning. About Pinus mugo: it is one of the few pines tolerant of some shade. Needles in 2's, stiff & curved. Often dwarfed, it has an unpredictable growth rate, mostly the result of a very large native range requiring many adaptations. Some selections such as 'Pumilio' are grown from seeds and plants will vary considerably. Pinus mugo can be pruned, only current season growth (candles) should be cut back.

Pinus mugo 'Prostrata'

An unusual Mugo Pine with a slow, prostrate growing habit. Can be grown as a top-grafted standard. About Pinus mugo: it is one of the few pines tolerant of some shade. Needles in 2's, stiff & curved. Often dwarfed, it has an unpredictable growth rate, mostly the result of a very large native range requiring many adaptations. Some selections such as 'Pumilio' are grown from seeds and plants will vary considerably. Pinus mugo can be pruned, only current season growth (candles) should be cut back.

Pinus mugo var. pumilio

Dwarf Mugo Pine is usually more spreading than upright, very compact dwarf with smaller needles than Mugo Pine. Pumilio is grown from seeds and plants will vary considerably. About Pinus mugo: it is one of the few pines tolerant of some shade. Needles in 2's, stiff & curved. Often dwarfed, it has an unpredictable growth rate, mostly the result of a very large native range requiring many adaptations. Some selections such as 'Pumilio' are grown from seeds and plants will vary considerably. Pinus mugo can be pruned, only current season growth (candles) should be cut back.

Pinus mugo 'Winter Gold'

Winter Gold's needles turn an attractive golden-yellow in the winter. Has the typical Mugo shape but some pruning will help. Pinus mugo is one of the few pines tolerant of some shade. Needles in 2's, stiff & curved. ften dwarfed, it has an unpreduictable growth rate, mostly the result of a very large native range requiring many adaptations. Some selections such as 'Pumilio' are grown from seeds and plants will vary considerably. Pinus mugo can be pruned, only current season growth (candles) should be cut back.

Pinus nigra 'Arnold's Sentinel'

Arnold's Sentinel Austrian Pine is a columnar pine with dense, strictly upright branches, dark brown to black bark and ark green, rigid needles. Introduced by the Arnold Arboretum. Full sun.

Pinus nigra 'Globosa'

Globe Austrian Pine has a superior compact dwarf, globose form with dark green needles and large white buds. One of those plants needing little attention. An introduction from the Arnold Arboretum.

Pinus nigra 'Hornibrookiana'

A dwarf Austrian Pine which originated as a 'witch's broom' in Rochester, New York. Long, sharp, glossy green needles in pairs on horizontal to ascending branches forming an irregular globe. Responds well to shearing.

Pinus nigra

Austrian Black Pine has a fast growing, densely branched habit with conical form. Needles dark green in pairs, 8 to 12cm long. Tolerant of most soils and makes an excellent windbreak. Some sports available.

Pinus nigra 'Select Green'

Select Green is a smaller selection, more compact than the species and therefore more suitable for the smaller garden. Needles are held tight to stems. Looks like it's covered in silver candles before the new growth opens. Excellent new introduction.

Pinus parviflora 'Tempelhof'

Templehof is a fast growing cultivar of Japanese White Pine with an open, horizontal branching habit. The blue-green, slightly twisted needles have white-blue inner sides and are in bundles of fives and appear in brush-like clusters. Ornamental, almost round cones are highly visible and remain on the tree for up to 2 years.

Pinus sylvestris 'Aurea'

Golden Scotch Pine has yellowish-green new growth that change to blue-green as they mature through summer and fall. After the first frost the needles turn a golden-yellow and provide an surprising contrast in the winter garden especially when combined with winter greens. (More sun and more stressful conditions will intensify the golden colour) In form the golden scotch pine does not look much like the species, it is more open, pyramidal with branches to the ground. It is a slow grower although it can eventually become a tall tree.

Pinus sylvestris 'Beacon Hill'

Beacon Hill was found by Allan Goddard as a witches broom mutation in Beacon Hill Park on Vancouver Island, Canada. Short, blue-green needles. Grown as a standard or low form.

Pinus strobus 'Contorta'

Contorted Eastern White Pine is a unique, upright tree with its twisted light blue-green needles. First noticed in Rochester, New York.

Pinus sylvestris 'Fastigiata'

Columnar Scotch Pine is a very narrow, tightly upright Scots Pine with blue-green needles. Branches should be tied up in winter to prevent snow damage.

Pinus strobus 'Pendula'

A weeping Eastern White Pine, usually staked upright to desired height. Habit is graceful, with soft bluish-green needles.

Pinus strobus 'Fastigiata'

Columnar Eastern White Pine is a fast growing columnar tree with upright, ascending branches at 45 degrees to the main trunk. Soft, blue-green needles.

Pinus strobus 'Nana'

Dwarf Eastern White Pine has a compact, spreading mounded form becoming more irregular in shape with age. Great as an accent in rock gardens with its soft, silvery-blue needles. Shearing will help "control" its form

Pinus strobus

Eastern White Pine is fast-growing, with a pyramidal habit and horizontal branches. Bluish-green, five-needled pine; cylindrical, curved cones, 15 to 20cm long, heavily flecked with resin. Young trees will tolerate some light shade.

Pinus sylvestris 'Watereri'

Waterer Scotch Pine is a slow growing medium sized bush which is conical at first becoming rounded at a later stage. Dense with steel blue needles. Regular spring pruning will maintain shape and control size. The original plant was discovered in 1865, in England, by Anthony Waterer. At last report it was 7.5m high.

Pinus sylvestris

Scotch Pine has interesting red bark. Gray-brown bark peels, revealing red-orange colour, especially striking on older branchs and trunk. Straight, well-branched pyramid in youth growing irregular with age and will start drooping its branches. Stiff, sharp, bluish-green needles in pairs, 3cm to 10cm long; hard rigid cones, 3cm to 7.5cm long (small, fat conical shape).